NBERi uuring näitab, et Bitcoin on üle kontsentreeritud ja 51% rünnaku suhtes haavatav

• A new study reveals that Bitcoin is concentrated in the hands of a few whales.
• The research goes on to reveal that Bitcoin miners are heavily concentrated and leave the network susceptible to a 51% attack. 
• The largest BTC whales include MicroStrategy, Satoshi Nakamoto, Micree Zhan, and the Winklevoss twins.

One of the selling points of Bitcoin is the extent of its decentralization over traditional financial systems. A recent study by the National Bureau of Economic Research reveals that the network might not be as decentralized as we think.

Paar kätt, palju BTC-d

An in-depth study by the National Bureau of Economic Research, (NBER) has revealed that the bulk of Bitcoins is owned by a few individuals. The research team utilized a methodology that involved splitting addresses between intermediaries and individuals, which generated interesting results despite the difficulty of the undertaking.

Uuring näitas, et 10,000 6,000,000 rahakotti kontrollivad üle 1,000 3,000,000 XNUMX BTC, mis on kolmandik kogu ringluses olevast krüptovaluutast. Edasi uurides avastas NBER, et XNUMX juhtival investoril oli umbes XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX BTC-d, kusjuures mõõdikud olid väga kontsentreeritud redelist kõrgemale. 

"See kontsentratsiooni mõõtmine on tõenäoliselt alahinnatud, sest me ei saa välistada, et mõnda suurimat aadressi kontrollib sama üksus." ütlesid teadlased. “Our results suggest that despite the significant attention that Bitcoin has received over the years, the Bitcoin ecosystem is still dominated by large and concentrated players, be it large miners, Bitcoin holders or exchanges.”

Kontsentratsioonitrendi võis avastada ka krüptovaluuta kaevurite seas, kus juhtivad 10% kaevureid moodustasid 90% varade genereerimisest, samas kui vaid murdosa moodustas 50%. Vaatamata võrgu näiliselt detsentraliseeritud olemusele, maalib NBERi uuring teistsuguse pildi.

Kaevurite suure kontsentratsiooni negatiivne külg uuringu kohaselt on vastuvõtlikkus võrgu 51% rünnakule. Seda tüüpi rünnak leiab aset siis, kui ründaja saavutab enamuse kontrolli plokiahela räsivõimsuse üle.

Largest Bitcoin Whales And Miners

Although it’s hard to tell who the largest holders of Bitcoin are, some entities stand out from the pack as the biggest whales. For organizations, MicroStrategy is the largest entity with an hinnanguliselt 111,042 6 BTC-d, mille väärtus on üle XNUMX miljardi dollari ja mis ei näita märke omandamiste aeglustumisest.

Bitcoin’s founder, Satoshi Nakamoto is said to have over 1 million BTC in his possession which would make him the largest whale. Other noteworthy individuals include the Winklevoss brothers, Barry Silbert, Tim Draper, Michael Novogratz, and Micree Zhan, the owner of Bitmain.

Prior to China’s cryptocurrency crackdown, the country accounted for over 50% of Bitcoin’s hash rate but with the tide turning, America now has the highest concentration of Bitcoin miners. Teisele ja kolmandale kohale tulevad Kasahstan ja Venemaa.

Source: https://zycrypto.com/nber-study-reveals-bitcoin-is-over-concentrated-and-vulnerable-to-a-51-attack/