Stabilcoinler açıklandı: Basit bir ifadeyle, bir stabilcoin, fiat para biriminden petrol ve altına, hatta bazen kripto para birimine kadar herhangi bir şey olabilen temel bir varlığın değeriyle desteklendiği için değerini koruyan dijital bir para birimidir.
Örneğin, Tether (USDT) ve USD Coin (USDC), yedekte tutulan ABD doları ile desteklenen sabit paralardır. PAX Gold (PAXG) ise sabit bir fiyatı korumak için altın rezervine güveniyor.
21. yüzyılda, stablecoin'ler çağın en büyük finansal atılımlarından biri olarak kabul ediliyor:
- Stabilcoin'ler, kripto para biriminin değişken fiyat dalgalanmaları olmadan dijital bir varlıkta "değer tutması" gereken tüccarlar veya yatırımcılar için harikadır.
- Stablecoins offer new ways of earning interest (a.k.a. “yield”) at a time when traditional savings vehicles offer next to nothing. (See our page on En İyi Faiz Oranları.)
- Stablecoin'ler ayrıca, sınırlar arasında değer işlemek için ucuz, hızlı ve erişilebilir bir araç sunar.
In this piece, we’ll cover our list of best stablecoins, then explain more about how smart investors can use stablecoins to build wealth.
List of Top Stablecoins
| Name | Açıklama | Kuruluş Yılı | Number of social followers | Stabilize Edilmiş Varlık | Quality of Team | Stabilization Mechanism | Puan |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PAX Standard | Paxos Standard Token is a payment platform complete with the PAX stablecoin backed 1:1 to the U.S. Dollar. | 2016 | 26,700 | Amerikan Doları | The team backing Paxos is a mixed-bag with a wealth of expertise from tech and finance backgrounds | PAX is backed 1:1 by a reserve of USD. | 5 |
| Gerçek USD | True USD is a one-to-one stable currency that pegs its value to $1 U.S. per token. | 2018 | 17,200 | Amerikan Doları | The young team behind this project boasts some of the most impressive technology names in the field, albeit with little financial experience | Escrow: Each True USD is backed by $1 U.S. held in an escrow account by third parties. Qualifying institutions can participate in the True USD system, eliminating the need for trust in a central project (albeit replacing that with the need for trust in third-party accounting). With only two minor deviations, the price has remained stable within $0.02. | 4.5 |
| USD Para Birimi | USDC is a full reserve dollar stablecoin issued by the CENTRE Consortium. | 2018 | 5,600 | Amerikan Doları | The CENTRE and CIRCLE team have founded and helped run numerous high-profile technology companies including Brightcove and Macromedia. | Collateralized: Each USDC token has a corresponding $1 U.S. invested in an owned account. Decentralization will be ensured by allowing numerous different projects to join a network of USDC issuers overseen by the CIRCLE project, each of which maintains its own cash reserves to stabilize the tokens it issues. While the oversight of CIRCLE can insure against value fluctuation, allowing third parties to independently issue the USDC does invite potential concerns of individual error or bad actors. | 4.5 |
| Tarafından | Dai is a decentralized stable currency which is pegged to the U.S. Dollar at a 1-to-1 ratio. | 2017 | 190,500 | Amerikan Doları | MakerDao’s Founder has almost no experience, having graduated in 2014. It has made up for this lack by hiring other executive-level talent with a deep bench of relevant experience. | Collateral Against Ethereum: To create Dai tokens users have to purchase and stake an equal value (in U.S. Dollars) of Ethereum tokens. As the price of Dai rises, users will be incentivized to create more. As the price falls, users will be incentivized to sell their assets back to the pool. | 4.5 |
| GUSD | Created by Gemini cryptocurrency exchange, the Gemini USD stablecoin claims to be the first U.S. Dollar-backed stablecoin to receive approval from a U.S. regulator and aims to be the most transparent stablecoin on the market. | 2018 | 330,800 | Amerikan Doları | Gemini was founded by Tyler and Cameron Winklevoss, two Bitcoin billionaires with a rich background in business.This trickles down to the team who collectively possess high levels of experience. | Collateralized: GUSD is backed 1:1 by real dollars in reserve, with monthly audits. | 4.5 |
| Digix | Digix takes the idea of a blockchain gold standard literally, promising that each DGX token represents 1 gram of actual, solid gold in a vault in Singapore. The utility of this over purchasing gold outright or an options contract remains uncertain, but the mechanism is sound. | 2016 | 17,600 | Altın | Digix is run by a team with extensive experience in both finance and blockchain development at some of the world’s largest firms. | Asset-Backed: A Digix token is minted once the underlying Proof of Provenance protocol confirms that a corresponding ounce of gold is in the vault. The price has fluctuated within approximately 25 percent since inception. | 4 |
| Binance USD | Developed by Binance, one of the largest cryptocurrency exchanges in the world, BUSD is a fully-regulated stablecoin backed by U.S. dollars, issued via the Paxos Trust Company. | 2019 | 6,100,000 | Amerikan Doları | As the world’s leading cryptocurrency exchange, Binance in partnership with Paxos have a wealth of industry-leading expertise. | Collateralized: Each BUSD is backed 1:1 by a reserve of dollars held in the Paxos account. | 4 |
| Huobi ABD Doları | Huobi is one the Asia’s largest cryptocurrency exchanges, and in partnership with Stable Universal, the firms issued the HUSD stablecoin token as a means to uncouple for pre-existing 3rd party stablecoins, as well as gain exposure in DeFi markets and platforms. | 2020 | 736,600 | Amerikan Doları | Singapore-based exchange Huobi has relished a market-leading position for some years. | Collateralized: Every HUSD token is backed by U.S. dollars held in reserves by a regulated trust company. | 4 |
| Tether | Tether is one of the most well-known, valued, and reliable stablecoins on the market. | 2015 | 170,300 | Amerikan Doları | Bloomberg, among other outlets, has published very serious questions regarding the accounting practices of Tether. The company’s founders have a range of professional experience, ranging from fintech to retail. | Collateralized: Each Tether token has a corresponding $1 U.S. invested in an owned account. While serious questions have been raised as to the company’s accounting practices in this regard, the token’s price has remained stable within $0.05. | 4 |
| PAX Altın (PAXG) | PAXG is an Ethereum-based digital asset backed by gold. As per the website, each token is backed by one fine troy ounce (t oz) of a gold bar. In this case, if you own PAXG, you also own the gold that backs it. | 2019 | 26,700 | Altın | The team backing Paxos is a mixed-bag with a wealth of expertise from tech and finance backgrounds. | The team backing Paxos is a mixed-bag with a wealth of expertise from tech and finance backgrounds. | 4 |
| istikrarlı USD | Stably is a cryptocurrency pegged to the U.S. dollar, with each token set to $1. | 2019 | 2,900 | Amerikan Doları | Stably has a team with experience in both technology and finance. While they have little background in blockchain, their c-level leadership has worked with impressive firms in this space. | Collateralized: Stably will hold $1 U.S. in reserves for each token distributed with quarterly audits. | 3.5 |
| Terra ABD Doları | Terra is a blockchain platform that has built numerous fiat-backed stablecoins to power global payments systems. The firm created the decentralized stablecoin, UST, so that it could be available to all developers and blockchains, with DeFi yield earning as a prominent feature. Interchain stablecoin products are at the core of the firm’s goals, as is working to solve scalability issues. | 2020 | 214,000 | Cryptocurrency | Terra has a significant presence in the Asia-Pacific region. The team has notable experience in e-commerce, software engineering and business development. | Collateralized: Terra UST is an algorithmic stablecoin. For every UST minted, $1 worth of the reserve asset $LUNA is burned. | 3 |
Boyutlarına Göre En İyi Stablecoin'ler
To give you a visual of how the stablecoins stack up against each other, here’s a look at their market capitalization (or total amount held by investors):
Stablecoin Türleri
Hükümet fiat para birimini desteklediği gibi, başka bir varlık veya otorite tarafından desteklenen stablecoin'ler de öyle. İşte stablecoin türleri ve nasıl desteklendikleri.
Fiat Destekli Stabil Paralar
Fiat destekli sabit paralar belirli bir itibari para birimiyle ilişkilendirilir: ABD doları, Euro vb. Fiat destekli sabit paralar, özellikle kripto destekli sabit paralara kıyasla daha iyi istikrar sunar. Kripto para birimleri vahşi fiyat dalgalanmalarıyla gelirken, itibari para destekli sabit paralar, arkalarında güvenilir bir para birimi olduğu için minimum fiyat dalgalanmalarıyla gelir.
Ancak itibari para destekli sabit paralar nispeten yenidir ve sınırlı bir geçmişe sahiptir, bu nedenle risksiz değildirler.
Dünyanın en büyük kripto para borsası platformlarından biri olan Coinbase, USD Coin adında fiat destekli bir stabilcoin sunuyor. Bu madeni para 1:1 oranında ABD doları ile değiştirilebilir. Her USDC bir ABD doları ile desteklendiğinden, kullanımı genellikle güvenlidir.
Kripto Destekli Stabilcoinler
Adından da anlaşılacağı gibi, bunlar diğer kripto varlıkları tarafından “desteklenen” sabit paralardır. Kripto para fiyatları değişken olabileceğinden, kripto destekli sabit paralar aşırı teminatlandırılmıştır (yani bir piyasa çökmesi durumunda rezervlerde fazladan kripto tutarlar).
Örneğin, 5$'lık kripto destekli bir sabit para ödünç almak için, teminat olarak 10$'lık başka bir kripto varlığı "koymanız" (veya kilitlemeniz) gerekebilir. Altta yatan kripto varlığı değerini kaybederse, yine de 5 dolarlık yerleşik bir yastığınız olur. Genel olarak, bu oynaklık, kripto destekli sabit paraları itibari para destekli sabit paralardan daha az güvenilir hale getirir.
Emtia Destekli Stablecoin
Bu sabit paralar, değerli metaller veya gayrimenkul veya petrol gibi diğer emtialar aracılığıyla değerlerini korur. Bu sabit paralar genellikle merkezileştirilirken, merkezileştirme kullanıcıları kripto oynaklığından korur. Altın, teminat altına alınacak en popüler emtiadır. Paxos Gold, Tether Gold ve Digix, en likit altın destekli sabit paralardan üçüdür.
Emtia destekli stablecoin'ler, aksi takdirde erişilemeyecek varlıklara yatırım yapmanızı sağlar. Örneğin, bir külçe altın elde etmek ve saklamak karmaşık ve pahalı olabilir, bu nedenle bir "altın sabit para" tutmak, temeldeki emtia satın almak zorunda kalmadan değeri saklamanın daha kolay bir yoludur.
Algoritmik Stabilcoin
Algoritmik destekli stablecoin'ler, dolaşımdaki token arzını yönetmek için özel algoritmalara ve akıllı sözleşmelere güveniyor. Örneğin, bir algoritmik sabit paranın fiyatı 1 ABD doları olarak belirlenirse ancak sabit paranın fiyatı yükselirse, bilgisayar algoritması fiyatı düşürmek için otomatik olarak arza daha fazla jeton salacaktır.
Alternatively, an algorithmic stablecoin will reduce the number of tokens in circulation when the market price drops below the price of the fiat currency it tracks.
Neden Stabilcoinlere İhtiyacımız Var?
Birincil kullanım durumlarından bazıları şunlardır:
- Safe Haven Varlığı: Fiyatı önemli ölçüde dalgalanan kripto para birimlerinin aksine, değeri depolamak için stabilcoin kullananlar minimum kayıp riskine sahiptir.
- Ödemeler: İşletmeler, ödeme olarak stablecoin'leri kabul ederek, tipik ödeme işlemcileriyle birlikte gelen işlem ücretlerini azaltmalarından yararlanabilir.
- Anında Yerleşimler: Ödemeler yapıldığında, normal bankacılık saatlerine tabi oldukları için genellikle hemen teslim edilemezler. Stablecoin'ler blok zinciri üzerinde çalışır, yani 24/7 çalışırlar: taraflar hemen ödeme alabilir.
- borç verme: Stablecoin kredisi, çift haneli faiz sunabileceği için kripto yatırımcıları için yüksek getirili bir fırsattır.
- Emanet: Stablecoin'ler, kurumsal aracılık kullanmadan emanet koşullarını değerlendiren akıllı sözleşmeler aracılığıyla emanet sürecini otomatikleştirir.
- Alternatif Bankacılık: 14.1 milyon Amerikalı yetişkin are unbanked. All you need is internet access to have a stablecoin “account,” opening financial access to all.
Stabilcoinlerle Nasıl Para Kazanırsınız?
Most people make their money with regular cryptocurrency through trading, mining, or Staking, borç vermeya da verim yetiştiriciliği. Because stablecoins are tied to an asset, making money with stablecoin works a little differently. Here are the ways to make money with stablecoins:
- Staking: Staking involves helping maintain the flow of the blockchain network on a particular asset. In return, you earn compensation from income from the network. Essentially, you’re locking in your stablecoins to receive rewards. Examples of stablecoins that offer staking rewards include Binance, Tether, and PAX Gold. (See our guide to En İyi Kripto Staking Getirileri.)
- borç verme: You can lend your stablecoins out to borrowers to earn money, with rates of return ranging from 5 to 12 percent. You can lend your stablecoin on many major crypto lending platforms, such as BlockFi or Celsius. (See our guide to En İyi Kripto Kredi Platformları.)
- Verim Çiftçiliği: Yield farming allows investors to earn money by lending stablecoins through smart contracts, like earning interest on a traditional savings account. (See our guide to En İyi Verimli Tarım Oranları.)
Stablecoin Vakası
Bir para biriminin çalışması için güvenilir bir şekilde değer depolaması gerekir. Tasarruf sahiplerinin Pazartesi günü bankaya yatırdıkları para miktarının Cuma günü servetlerini makul ölçüde yansıtacağından emin olmaları gerekir. Hem enflasyonun hem de deflasyonun kontrol altında kalması gerekiyor.
That is why several digital currency projects have taken a new approach. Instead of replacing traditional money, they’ll work alongside it. “Stable cryptocurrencies” peg themselves to a fiat currency of choice, typically the dollar, and automatically adjust the number of tokens in circulation to keep the price stable.
It’s an approach taken by several countries, even before cryptocurrency was widespread. For example, Cambodia pegs its riel at 4,400 to one U.S. dollar. Their goal is to create an electronic wallet that serves as a bank account, not an investment portfolio.
Stablecoins just take this currency “peg” and put it into code.
Stablecoinler Ne Kadar Fiyat Dengelidir?
When looking at the prices of stablecoins on digital asset data platforms, you will notice that stablecoins often do not remain “stable” at $1.00. For example, at the time of writing this article, Tether (USDT), USD Para Birimi (USDC), Ve İkizler Doları (GUSD) were trading at $1.01, $1.01, and $1.02, respectively.
The reason is that the issuers of dollar-collateralized stablecoins need to manage the supply of their coins through issuing and burning/redeeming to ensure the value of their coins maintains roughly one-to-one with the US dollar.
However, there have also been stablecoins that have lost their peg entirely. For example, Steem Doları (SBD), a cryptocurrency of the Steemit network, was designed to maintain its value at one dollar. However, the startup behind the Steemit network eventually stopped managing the coin’s money supply and let the digital currency float freely. This caused the coin’s value to surge to $15 during the 2017 rally before it came crashing down to as low as $0.51.
Not all stablecoins are really 100 percent price-stable. Moreover, due to their centralized nature and occasional lack of transparency, some stablecoins are actually riskier than they may seem, even if their values oscillate closely around the $1 mark. Do your research and never invest more than you are willing to lose.
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