Anonymous Conference Key Agreement In Linear Quantum Networks

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Jarn de Jong¹, Frederik Hahn^1,2, Jens Eisert², Nathan Walk², and Anna Pappa¹

¹Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
²Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany

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Abstract

Sharing multi-partite quantum entanglement between parties allows for diverse secure communication tasks to be performed. Among them, conference key agreement (CKA) – an extension of key distribution to multiple parties – has received much attention recently. Interestingly, CKA can also be performed in a way that protects the identities of the participating parties, therefore providing $anonymity$. In this work, we propose an anonymous CKA protocol for three parties that is implemented in a highly practical network setting. Specifically, a line of quantum repeater nodes is used to build a linear cluster state among all nodes, which is then used to anonymously establish a secret key between any three of them. The nodes need only share maximally entangled pairs with their neighbours, therefore avoiding the necessity of a central server sharing entangled states. This linear chain setup makes our protocol an excellent candidate for implementation in future quantum networks. We explicitly prove that our protocol protects the identities of the participants from one another and perform an analysis of the key rate in the finite regime, contributing to the quest of identifying feasible quantum communication tasks for network architectures beyond point-to-point.

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Featured image: A simplified version of the setting of our protocol, where 3 parties perform anonymous conference key agreement in a linear network.

Popular summary

In recent years, the field of quantum communication and cryptography has advanced beyond the use of bipartite entanglement towards the use of multipartite entanglement. The benefit of using multipartite entangled states is evident in the scaling of some multipartite protocols for conference key agreement (CKA), enabling quantum key distribution schemes to be extended beyond two parties.

A new area of research is that of $textit{anonymous conference key agreement}$ (ACKA). ACKA protocols enable participants to not only create a secret key between each other but also to remain anonymous throughout the entire communication network.

Our study focuses on ACKA in linear networks that naturally arise from repeater chains. We present a protocol for ACKA that uses linear cluster states as resources, and provide both security proofs and finite-key analysis. Finally, we analyze the performance of our protocol and show it to be noise robust.

► BibTeX data

@article{deJong2023anonymousconference, doi = {10.22331/q-2023-09-21-1117}, url = {https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-09-21-1117}, title = {Anonymous conference key agreement in linear quantum networks}, author = {de Jong, Jarn and Hahn, Frederik and Eisert, Jens and Walk, Nathan and Pappa, Anna}, journal = {{Quantum}}, issn = {2521-327X}, publisher = {{Verein zur F{“{o}}rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften}}, volume = {7}, pages = {1117}, month = sep, year = {2023}<br /> }

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Cited by

[1] F. Hahn, A. Dahlberg, J. Eisert, and A. Pappa, “Limitations of nearest-neighbor quantum networks”, Physical Review A 106 1, L010401 (2022).

[2] Vaisakh Mannalath and Anirban Pathak, “Multiparty Entanglement Routing in Quantum Networks”, arXiv:2211.06690, (2022).

[3] Alexander Pickston, Joseph Ho, Andrés Ulibarrena, Federico Grasselli, Massimiliano Proietti, Christopher L. Morrison, Peter Barrow, Francesco Graffitti, and Alessandro Fedrizzi, “Conference key agreement in a quantum network”, npj Quantum Information 9, 82 (2023).

[4] Lukas Rückle, Jakob Budde, Jarn de Jong, Frederik Hahn, Anna Pappa, and Stefanie Barz, “Experimental anonymous conference key agreement using linear cluster states”, arXiv:2207.09487, (2022).

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On Crossref’s cited-by service no data on citing works was found (last attempt 2023-09-22 00:30:58).

This Paper is published in Quantum under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. Copyright remains with the original copyright holders such as the authors or their institutions.

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Source: https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2023-09-21-1117/

Time Stamp: September 21, 2023

Time Stamp: Dec 4, 2023

Republished By Plato

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