Bitcoin Taproot je za vogalom

The highly anticipated Bitcoin protocol update, Taproot, is going to activate when it reaches block #709,632, believed to happen around November 16. It will bring many improvements by replacing ECDSA signatures with Schnorr signatures, enhancing privacy, scalability, security, and lowering fees.

The Bitcoin community has been hoping for this upgrade for a while. The discussions and development of the Bitcoin Improvement Proposals, BIP 340, 341, and 342, started in January 2020, completing implementations and merging to Bitcoin Core in late 2020, leaving the community with the last step of selecting a method for its activations and executing it.

Nedavna raziskava Arcane poročilo komentiral pomen te izboljšave in njenega aktiviranja:

Taproot is the most significant upgrade to the Bitcoin network since the SegWit upgrade of 2017. The activation was agreed on in June this year after it gained the support of 90% of qualified blocks mined over a two-week period.

Sorodno branje | Taproot mehke vilice so skoraj zaklenjene. Kaj to pomeni za Bitcoin?

The taproot’s proposal was made by the developer Gregory Maxwell, who was looking for ways to create a new system of transactions based on smart contracts for Bitcoin. His original Ideja se glasi:

Verjamem, da bo ta konstrukcija omogočila največjo možno anonimnost za pametne pogodbe s fiksno stranko, tako da bodo videti kot najenostavnejša možna plačila. To doseže brez kakršnih koli obremenitev v običajnem primeru, pri čemer se sklicuje na kakršne koli skicirane ali nepraktične tehnike, zahteva dodatne kroge interakcije med pogodbenimi udeleženci in ne zahteva trajnega shranjevanja drugih podatkov.

Taproot ponuja nov izhodni tip z enim podpisnim ključem, s čimer se spreminjajo transakcijski procesi. To pomeni izboljšave za vrhunsko zasebnost, nižje pristojbine, bolj prilagodljivo več podpisov in bitcoin’s availability to be locked to multiple scripts at once.

Rečni finančni nadalje pojasnjuje, da "Ker se Lightning Network opira na 2-od-2 multi-sig, Taproot onemogoča razločevanje, katere transakcije ustvarjajo Lightning kanale."

when spending bitcoin from a Taproot output, the spender need not reveal every possible script that could have unlocked the bitcoin; only the script which they actually used. In the majority of cases, Taproot users will likely use the pay-to-public-key option, allowing them to keep any backup options they might have planned private.

A New Way To Purchase Bitcoin

The update introduces Pay-to-Taproot (P2TR) as a new way of using bitcoin, which saves space on the blockchain by locking bitcoin to a public key instead of the public key’s hash. For this to work efficiently, schnorr’s signatures create a single master signature and public keys.

Sorodno branje | Schnorr + Taproot Soft Fork obljublja velike stvari za Bitcoin

To nasprotuje transakciji enakovrednih, pri kateri se generirata dva javna ključa in dva podpisa ali več ključev in podpisov za transakcije z več podpisi, kar vodi do sledljivega zapisa transakcij v verigi blokov in večje uporabe prostora za shranjevanje in stroškov.

For Pay-To-Taproot transactions to work, BIP 342 adds new scripts that “are used to verify Taproot spends and Schnorr signatures, and they are collectively known as Tapscript”, River explains. Tapscripts maximize the flexibility of P2TR spending, which allows further upgrades, clearing the path for Bitcoin to keep adapting to needs and improving in the future.

As Bitcoin Magazine kaže, ima uporaba P2SH dve glavni slabosti. Prvič, podatkov je veliko, še posebej, če obstaja veliko pogojev. In drugič, to je slabo za zasebnost. Vsak se nauči različnih načinov porabe sredstev, ki lahko na primer razkrijejo, kakšna denarnica je bila uporabljena in morda celo več.«

Schnorrjevi podpisi zagotavljajo boljšo zasebnost in varnost kot podpisi ECDSA, saj se zanašajo na manj predpostavk in se znebijo prilagodljivosti podpisa. Prej so bile pri uporabi pogodb z več podpisi videti drugače od pogodb z enim podpisom. Zdaj, ko sta si podobna, Taproot izboljšuje zasebnost.

Bitcoin’s price will most likely raise around Taproot’s adapting, but it will be merely the beginning of more profitable times while the users adapt to the new output type.

Source: https://bitcoinist.com/bitcoin-taproot-is-around-the-corner/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=bitcoin-taproot-is-around-the-corner