مقامی طور پر الجھی ہوئی پیمائش پر مبنی کلاسیکی سائے

مقامی طور پر الجھی ہوئی پیمائش پر مبنی کلاسیکی سائے

میٹیو ایپولیٹی

Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
شعبہ طبیعیات، سٹینفورڈ یونیورسٹی، سٹینفورڈ، CA 94305، USA

اس کاغذ کو دلچسپ لگتا ہے یا اس پر بات کرنا چاہتے ہیں؟ SciRate پر تبصرہ کریں یا چھوڑیں۔.

خلاصہ

We study classical shadows protocols based on randomized measurements in $n$-qubit entangled bases, generalizing the random Pauli measurement protocol ($n = 1$). We show that entangled measurements ($ngeq 2$) enable nontrivial and potentially advantageous trade-offs in the sample complexity of learning Pauli expectation values. This is sharply illustrated by shadows based on two-qubit Bell measurements: the scaling of sample complexity with Pauli weight $k$ improves quadratically (from $sim 3^k$ down to $sim 3^{k/2}$) for many operators, while others become impossible to learn. Tuning the amount of entanglement in the measurement bases defines a family of protocols that interpolate between Pauli and Bell shadows, retaining some of the benefits of both. For large $n$, we show that randomized measurements in $n$-qubit GHZ bases further improve the best scaling to $sim (3/2)^k$, albeit on an increasingly restricted set of operators. Despite their simplicity and lower hardware requirements, these protocols can match or outperform recently-introduced “shallow shadows” in some practically-relevant Pauli estimation tasks.

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کی طرف سے حوالہ دیا گیا

[1] Benoît Vermersch, Marko Ljubotina, J. Ignacio Cirac, Peter Zoller, Maksym Serbyn, and Lorenzo Piroli, “Many-body entropies and entanglement from polynomially-many local measurements”, آر ایکس سی: 2311.08108, (2023).

[2] Matteo Ippoliti and Vedika Khemani, “Learnability transitions in monitored quantum dynamics via eavesdropper’s classical shadows”, آر ایکس سی: 2307.15011, (2023).

[3] Bujiao Wu and Dax Enshan Koh, “Error-mitigated fermionic classical shadows on noisy quantum devices”, آر ایکس سی: 2310.12726, (2023).

[4] Dominik Šafránek and Dario Rosa, “Measuring energy by measuring any other observable”, جسمانی جائزہ A 108 2, 022208 (2023).

[5] Arkopal Dutt, William Kirby, Rudy Raymond, Charles Hadfield, Sarah Sheldon, Isaac L. Chuang, and Antonio Mezzacapo, “Practical Benchmarking of Randomized Measurement Methods for Quantum Chemistry Hamiltonians”, آر ایکس سی: 2312.07497, (2023).

[6] تیانرین گو، ژاؤ یوآن، اور بوجیاؤ وو، "بوسونک نظاموں کے لیے موثر پیمائش کی اسکیمیں"، کوانٹم سائنس اور ٹیکنالوجی 8 4, 045008 (2023).

[7] Yuxuan Du, Yibo Yang, Tongliang Liu, Zhouchen Lin, Bernard Ghanem, and Dacheng Tao, "ShadowNet for Data-centric Quantum System Learning"، آر ایکس سی: 2308.11290, (2023).

مذکورہ بالا اقتباسات سے ہیں۔ SAO/NASA ADS (آخری بار کامیابی کے ساتھ 2024-03-23 10:25:55)۔ فہرست نامکمل ہو سکتی ہے کیونکہ تمام ناشرین مناسب اور مکمل حوالہ ڈیٹا فراہم نہیں کرتے ہیں۔

On Crossref کی طرف سے پیش خدمت کاموں کے حوالے سے کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں ملا (آخری کوشش 2024-03-23 10:25:53)۔

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